Standard of Learning

2.1   The student will identify the major body systems and explain their connection to personal health. Key concepts/skills include:

1. the cardiovascular system;
2. the digestive system;
3. the skeletal system;
4. the muscular system;
5. the nervous system.

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Understanding the Standard

The student will identify and understand the importance and function of the muscular system.

Essential Knowledge and Skills

The student will:

• identify how many muscles are in the body. (over 630 muscles)
• explain the function of the muscles. (they are connected to bones and allow you to move; muscles cannot push, they pull, and they work in pairs to pull in opposite directions so you can wiggle your finger and extend or bend your arm)
• identify the muscular system. (all the muscles in your body - your heart muscle pumps your blood, your leg muscles help you move, etc.)
• describe why exercise is important for the muscular system. (it makes your muscles stronger so you can run faster and longer, jump higher, and throw farther)
• identify the busiest muscles in the body. (the eye muscles)

Sample Lessons

BAM! Body and Mind> Teachers' Corner> Active or Not Here it Comes!
The goal of this section is to expand students understanding of physical activity beyond organized sports. By extending their view of physical activity, students will recognize that organized sports (e.g., playing on the football or soccer team), less competitive or personal fitness activities (e.g., swimming with friends or weight training), lifetime sports (e.g., golfing or walking), and some everyday activities (e.g., walking their dog, dancing to their favorite song, or mowing the lawn) are all forms of physical activity. As student's understanding grows, they will determine that they already participate in physical activities to some extent and gain confidence to expand upon their activities.
Sponsor: Center for Disease Control
http://www.bam.gov/teachers/activities/active_or_not.htm
Free

HeartPower!
Grades: K-2
Teaches student about the heart and how to keep it healthy. Science-based. Lessons, handouts.
--How Muscles Work Activity Sheet
Sponsor: American Heart Association
Contact: http://www.americanheart.org (select HeartPower!)
Free

Labels for Education: First Grade Lesson Plans
Grade(s): 1
Each of the lessons is comprised of student-centered fitness activities that can be integrated into classroom subjects such as physical education, math, science, and health education. These activities can be used over a period of time as one unit of study or may be broken up and used as part of several individual lessons. The lessons are organized to guide children through activities that will develop their fitness related knowledge, attitudes, skills, and behaviors.
http://www.labelsforeducation.com/pdf/fitness_plan_first_grade.pdf
Free

Lessons for human body materials
Grade(s): 1-5
This unit investigates some of the systems of the human body.  The lessons are designed to use the various human body models from ARC.  These lessons focus on four systems: skeletal, circulatory, respiratory and digestive. 
http://www.colby.edu/cpse/human.html#Circulatory%20System
Free

SuperHero Fitness
Grade(s): K-2
The purpose of this activity is to help students associate exercises with the different health-related fitness components: cardiovascular fitness, flexibility and muscular strength/endurance.
http://www.pecentral.org/lessonideas/ViewLesson.asp?ID=5895
Free

Additional Instructional Resources

• The Body – http://www.pbs.org/teachersource/-(health & fitness k-2)
• "Body Works" from The Learning Company - CD-ROM
• Human Anatomy - http://www.innerbody.com
• "My Amazing Human Body" from DK Multimedia - CD-ROM
• Muscular System - http://yucky.kids.discovery.com/noflash/body/pg000123.html
• Teaching Children About Health, A Multidisciplinary Approach - http://www.morton-pub.com - "The Human Body and Its Development"
• "Your Multi-Talented Muscles," "My Body," and "Muscles" - http://www.kidshealth.org

Assessment Ideas

The student will:

• explain what muscles do.
• identify different muscles in the body.
• demonstrate ways to increase muscle strength and flexibility in their arms, trunk, and legs.

 

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