Standard of Learning

9.3The student will analyze, synthesize, and evaluate the relationship between positive health behaviors the prevention and treatment of injury, and premature death. Key concepts/skills include

1. risky behaviors that may result in permanent disability for self or others;
2. the consequences of using weapons in acts of violence;
3. identification of situations involving risks;
4. use of universal precautions and appropriate application of first aid, CPR, and other emergency procedures;
5. the effects of alcohol and other drug use.

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Understanding the Standard

The student will understand the consequences of high-risk behaviors, such as alcohol and other drug abuse and using weapons in acts of violence, and the relationship between high-risk situations and increased risk of injury or premature death.

Essential Knowledge and Skills

The student will:

• identify situations with inherent risks. (driving recklessly, selling or buying drugs, participating in contact sports, using weapons, etc.)
• describe inappropriate actions that may contribute to injury. (not wearing a seatbelt, pranks, dares or challenges and other negative peer pressures, bullying, prejudice, riding with an intoxicated driver, etc.)
• recognize how anger contributes to fights, using weapons, and other violent behaviors. (anger causes the heart to beat faster, blood rushes to your face, muscles tense up, etc., so your body is ready to defend itself - without your brain channeling this energy into something positive, the situation can escalate into a serious conflict)
• identify how alcohol and other drug use may contribute to injury and violent crimes. (lose ability to control anger, make poor judgments and decisions, susceptible to negative group pressures, drive under the influence, etc.)

Sample Lessons

Drug Abuse Resistance Education (DARE)
Grades: High School
Law enforcement and the school district join to educate students about the personal and social consequences of substance abuse. Includes strategies for anger management, violence prevention, making healthy choices.
Contact: http://www.dare.com

Group Rope Squares
Grades 5-12
This lesson will further reinforce group cohesion and communication skills as well as problem solving and cooperation. In teaching a drug prevention program, it is important to introduce activities like this that illustrate to students that Together they can help solve each other's problems, depend on one another, and communicate their needs to others.
Sponsor: Ask Eric
Contact: http://www.eduref.org (select lesson plans – health – substance abuse prevention)
Free

Project Toward No Tobacco Use (TNT)
Grades 5-10
Model program to prevent or reduce tobacco use in youth. Ten core and 2 booster lessons. Includes effective refusal and coping skills; effects of media and advertisers; methods to build self-esteem; and strategies for advocating no tobacco use.
Sponsor: Department of Preventive Medicine, USC
Contact: http://www.etr.org
Cost

Lesson Ideas

• Students compare and discuss data for classmates (collected anonymously) with that reported by CDC regarding DUI. Students review the steps for decision-making then work in small groups to develop plans for prom night to minimize the risk for driving or riding with someone under the influence of alcohol.

Additional Instructional Resources

• Abuse & Addiction – http://www.pbs.org/teachersource(health & fitness 9-12)
• ACDE Drug Prevention Lesson Plans - http://www.acde.org/educate/Lessons.htm
• Al-Anon/Alateen – http://www.al-anon.org
• Alcohol Cost Calculator for Kids – http://www.alcoholcostcalculator.org/kids
• American Council for Drug Education – http://www.acde.org
• American Outreach - http://www.americanoutreach.org
• TheAnti-Drug.Com – http://www.theantidrug.com
• Avoiding Risky Behaviors - http://www.healthierus.gov/behaviors.html
• Center for Enforcing Underage Drinking Laws – http://www.udetc.org
• The Cool Spot – http://www.thecoolspot.gov
• DEA State Fact Sheets – http://www.dea.gov/pubs/state_factsheets.html
• Drug and Violence Prevention - http://dave.esc4.net
• The Educators Reference Desk- School Safety - http://www.eduref.org/cgi-bin/lessons.cgi/Health/Safe
• ESR Educators Building Social Skills - http://www.esrnational.org/es/skills.htm
• A Family Guide to Keeping Youth Mentally Healthy and Drug Free, SAMSA – http://family.samhsa.gov
• Federal Drug Data Sources – http://www.whitehousedrugpolicy.gov/drugfact/sources.html
• Global Youth Network - http://www.unodc.org/youthnet
• Health Teacher (membership fee) - http://www.healthteacher.com
• Inhalant Abuse – http://www.inhalant.org
• Juvenile Courts
• Monitoring the Future – http://www.monitoringthefuture.org
• Mothers Against Drunk Driving – http://www.maddva.org or http://www.madd.org
• National Clearinghouse for Alcohol and Drug Information – http://ncadi.samhsa.gov/
• National Highway Traffic Safety Administration – http://www.nhtsa.dot.gov
• National Inhalant Prevention Coalition – http://www.inhalants.org
• National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism – http://www.niaaa.nih.gov
• National Institute on Drug Abuse – http://www.nida.nih.gov or http://www.drugabuse.gov
• National Youth Anti-Drug Media Campaign – http://www.mediacampaign.org
• National Youth Violence Prevention Resource Center-Educators -http://www.safeyouth.org/scripts/pros/educators.asp
• Parenting is Prevention – http://www.parentingisprevention.org
• Partners for Substance Abuse Prevention – http://www.samhsa.gov/preventionpartners
• Partnership for a Drug-Free America – http://www.drugfreeamerica.org
• Resource Officer
• SAMSA Model [Drug Prevention] Programs – http://modelprograms.samhsa.gov
• Straight Scoop News Bureau – http://www.straightscoop.org
• Students Against Destructive Decisions (SADD) – http://www.saddonline.com
• Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA) – http://www.samhsa.gov
• Texas Drug and Violence Education Lesson Plans- http://dave.esc4.net
• U.S. Department of Education, Safe & Drug-Free Schools Program – http://www.ed.gov/offices/OESE/SDFS/
• U.S. Department of Justice, Office of Justice Programs, National Criminal Justice Reference Service – http://www.ncjrs.org
• U.S. Department of Justice, Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention – http://www.ojjdp.ncjrs.org
• Virginia Best Practices in School-based Violence Prevention -http://www.preventviolenceva.org
• Virginia Department of Alcoholic Beverage Control, Education Section – http://www.abc.state.va.us
• Virginia Department of Education, Safe & Drug-Free Schools Program – http://www.safeanddrugfreeva.org
• Virginia Department of Mental Health, Mental Retardation and Substance Abuse Services (Office of Substance Abuse) – http://www.dmhmrsas.virginia.gov
• Virginia Department of State Police – http://www.vsp.state.va.us
• Virginia Tobacco Settlement Foundation – http://www.vtsf.org

Assessment Ideas

The student will:

• bring in a recent article involving high-risk behaviors to discuss how the injury or death could have been avoided.
• write a two-page paper about a conflict that escalates into a violent situation.
• explain why people who have been drinking alcohol or using other drugs are more likely to become violent.

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